Metafiction and JM Coetzees Foe Essay -- Foe

Metafiction and JM Coetzee's Foe  Is composing not a fine thing, Friday? Is it accurate to say that you are not loaded up with euphoria to realize that you will live everlastingly, after a way? (Susan Barton, Foe, 58) Of the numerous scholarly shows used to depict JM Coetzee's Foe, one of the more generally expounded on is metafiction. Since around 1970, the term metafiction has been utilized generally to talk about works of post-present day fiction and has been the wellspring of warmed discussion on whether its utilize marks the demise or the resurrection of the novel. A predominant topic in post-current fiction, the expression metafiction has been characterized by scholarly pundits in numerous manners. John Barth offers maybe the most streamlined definition: metafiction is a novel that copies a novel as opposed to this present reality. Patricia Waugh stretches out our comprehension to include that it is anecdotal composing which hesitantly and methodicallly causes to notice itself as an antiquity to suggest conversation starters about the connection among fiction and reality. According to these definitions, metafiction concerns itself not with the production of another narra...

Persuasive Email Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Influential Email - Essay Example Presently, they are working with one on one programs’ to help grown-ups in preparing and are giving fundamental courses to the two youngsters and grown-ups that need to figure out how to peruse. The execution of the few activities by the Read for Life arrange has developed sought after so much that it now doesn’t have enough coaches for those that are ignorant in the network. As you may know, El Paso, Texas has the most noteworthy lack of education rate in the country, and three different Texas urban areas are in the best 10 with the most noteworthy absence of education rate. You may likewise realize that the proficiency habitats in the zone are not accessible to the individuals who have demanding employments, one parent families, odd working hours or to the individuals who are in need financially1. By joining this endeavor, you will be giving in one of the most required zones of the network, while helping a non †benefit association that is becoming sought after. On the off chance that you are keen on chipping in for Read forever, if it's not too much trouble talk with me or contact Read for Life through the library, where they hold mentoring classes day by day. I will allow volunteers 2 hours of paid time from work to chip in and help two grown-ups every week. You will have the option to take this time from work to assist unskilled grown-ups with one on one association while helping a ceaseless need in the network. In the event that you are keen on chipping in during hours that are outside of work, you can likewise talk with me about finding an agent for Read for

Discussion Question Week 2-1D Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Conversation Question Week 2-1D - Essay Example This distinction between look into questions and theories can likewise be understood with the assistance of a straightforward model: Research Question †What level of individuals living in Ireland lean toward cold-espresso over regular espresso? By and large, 50-60% of populace living in Ireland lean toward cold-espresso over regular espresso. Along these lines, in one sense, look into speculation is a suspicion made by the scientist in light of a formalized research question, which helps in the appraisal of researcher’s individual information and approach regarding the matter over which study is expected. Further, it isn't generally conceivable that an examination speculation is demonstrated to be the correct response for the exploration question by aftereffects of study, and for this situation, specialist investigates the motivation behind why his/her speculations got off-base. 2. Extraction of Research Question from Hypothesis: Example 1: Sample Hypothesis: The impacts of changing atmosphere will have no commitments in Malaria infiltration into Alaskan populace.

Wuthering Heights Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Wuthering Heights - Essay Example Nonetheless, this novel isn't a customary romantic tale with an upbeat end. It speaks to a terrible image of dangerous emotions, which ruin the lives of numerous individuals. The most intriguing thing is that these days, such stories become increasingly well known. The acclaimed novel â€Å"Twilight† composed by Stephenie Mayer carried a large number of customers to the book shops everywhere throughout the world. At the point when the story was shot, it was difficult to get the passes to the film because of its extraordinary prevalence among youth. A huge number of individuals altogether viewed the degenerate connections between the principle legends of the story, Edward and Bella, watching all the while the portrayal of mercilessness and savagery in it. The point of this work is to investigate the highlights, which draw in the crowd to peruse such books. However, the plot of such stories has the scenes, which can be unsavory for the peruser, for instance, mastery of men over ladies, unnatural powers, etc, they despite everything pull in much consideration from the crowd, which is a bizarre marvel. This paper indicates on the appealing sides of these books, which are of foremost significance for the peruser. The plot of â€Å"Wuthering heights† doesn't speak to anything abnormal from the principal sight. In its middle there are two men (Heathcliff and Edgar Linton), who love one lady. The fundamental female character of the story is Catherine Earnshaw. Catherine is a youthful, lovely and prideful young lady, whose sentiments are confounding and capricious. She sees the associations with Heathcliff and Edgar in an unexpected way. Her adoration to Edward Linton is quiet, estimated and agreeable, while her associations with Heathcliff are quick and oblivious. During the entire story, Catherine tears around her held marriage with Linton and the soul of her past affection to Heathcliff, who shows up as a brutal and imperious individual.

Social Network Free Essays

One approach to comprehend interpersonal interaction destinations like Facebook and MySpace is to consider that more youthful computerized locals are not really being big cheeses when they post photos of themselves and offer individual subtleties there. Rather, these clients are carrying on with a real existence where awareness is spread out equitably more than two stages: reality and the Web. Instead of feeling schizophrenic or some way or another obsessive, computerized locals comprehend that these two domains isolate the self much as discourse and the composed word partition language, a division that people have lived with for quite a while without going bonkers. We will compose a custom exposition test on Informal community or then again any comparable subject just for you Request Now (Sarah Frere-Jones, â€Å"Living on the Radio,† The New Yorker, April 20, 2009) Assignment: Do interpersonal interaction destinations, for example, Facebook and MySpace improve a youthful person’s public activity or fill in as a substitute for a genuine public activity? Make an article where you build up your perspective on this subject. Bolster your situation with contentions and models drawn from your perusing, studies, understanding, and perceptions. **http://sentence structure. about. com/od/developingessays/a/SATtopic1. htm The reason for this paper is to present, talk about, and break down the subject of informal communication. Explicitly it will talk about the effect of the long range interpersonal communication site Facebook on today’s society. Facebook has become a wonder for the interpersonal interaction set, and makes that so astonishing that Facebook didn't exist until 2004. Three undergrads made it to permit different understudies to network and meet one another, and it has gotten on with youngsters around the world. What effect does Facebook have on today’s innovatively propelled society? It permits individuals who likely could never have met each other face to face to impart, it makes new connections and fellowships, and it places separation between individuals who could convey face to face however rather decide to impart on the web. It is simply one more component of society that is keen on imparting data to the closeness of a nearby, individual relationship. Facebook is just a vehicle for correspondence, but then, it is far beyond that. Initially, a client can take in everything from what sex a Facebook part is, to what religion they trust in, what school they join in, and their preferences, all with the snap of a mouse. Step by step instructions to refer to Social Network, Essay models

Denver

Denver Introduction Denver, city (1990 pop. 467,610), alt. 5,280 ft (1,609 m), state capital, coextensive with Denver co., N central Colo., on a plateau at the foot of the Front Range of the Rocky Mts., along the South Platte River where Cherry Creek meets it; est. 1858 and named after James W. Denver, inc. 1861. The largest Colorado city, it is a processing, shipping, and distribution point for an extensive agricultural area. It is also the financial, business, administrative, and transportation center of the Rocky Mt. region (the Inland West), and home to numerous federal agencies. The Denver area has many electronics plants and is a major livestock market and headquarters to mining companies; leading manufactures include aeronautical, telecommunications, and other high-technology products. With ski and mountain resorts, national parks, and frontier historical sites nearby, Denver is also an important tourist center. Among the city's educational institutions are the Univ. of Denver, Regis Univ., and the Univ. of Colorado medical school. Points of interest include a park system incorporating many mountain areas; the Denver Art Museum; the Colorado State Historical Museum; the Denver Museum of Natural History; the Black American West Museum; the Clyfford Still Museum; the Denver Performing Arts Complex; the state capitol; a U.S. Mint; Mile High Stadium, home of the Broncos (football); Coors Field, home of the Colorado Rockies (baseball); the Pepsi Center, home of the Nuggets (basketball) and Avalanche (hockey); and zoological gardens. The former Rocky Mountain Arsenal has become a national wildlife refuge. Sections in this article: Introduction History Bibliography The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. Political Geography

Forbidden Words, Taboos and Censoring of Language - 275 Words

Forbidden Words, Taboos and Censoring of Language (Book Review Sample) Content: Forbidden Words, Taboos and Censoring of Language(Your Name)(University)(Course Code)(Professor)(date)Allan.K. Burridge, K. (2006).Forbidden Words, Taboo and Censoring of Language. New York: Cambridge University Press.Pp.315. In Forbidden Words, Taboo and Censoring of Language, Keith Allan and Kate Burridge examine, in depth, the subject of taboo and censoring of language. Indeed, the authors, who are both linguistics scholars and specialists in semantics and linguistic taboos and publishers of numerous authoritative books on the subject and based at Monash University, Australia, indicate that this book provides a fascinating insight into taboo language and its role in everyday life.The book is a sociological study but more concerned with the linguistic aspects. Ten topics form the basis of the discussion in the entire book, these are: taboos and their origins; sweet talking and offensive language; bad language i.e. Jargon, slang, swearing and insult; the language of political correctness; linguistic purism and verbal hygiene; naming and addressing; sex and bodily effluvia; food and smell; disease, death and killing; and taboo, censoring and the human brain. There is a notes section at the end of the tenth chapter that provides useful further insights about some issues raised in the text as well as the index. Each chapter focuses on a particular topic while relating to the whole issue of taboo and language censoring. The authors aver that taboo is a proscription of behavior that affects everyday life (Allan Burridge, 2006, p.1).Taboos arises out of individuals behavior, where it can cause discomfort, harm or injury. The authors point out that people constantly censor their language even where there is no institutionalized censorship. The word Taboo comes from the Tongan tabu which in the languages of Polynesia means forbidden or any sort of prohibition (Allan Burridge, 2).Taboos exist in every society and some, especially to do with food, bu t there is nothing like absolute taboos. The authors effectively trace the origins of taboos right from the ancient societies and how it has evolved over time in different societies. After the origins of taboos, the authors explore the issue of sweet talking and offensive language. They explore the criteria for labeling of the word dirty in English language but they aver that it is no different for other languages. Did you know that what counts for politeness varies between human groups? You will get all this in the book. In every communication, our language expression can be looked at as being more direct/formal (orthophemism), more figurative(euphemism),or disprefered(dysphemism)(Allan Burridge,34).Dirty words, especially as associated with, bodily organs and bodily effluvia, have the power to titillate or stimulate as by gratifying the senses or the imagination(Allan Burridge,2006,p.41).The authors further aver that taboo terms are the most emotionally evocative of all the lang uage expressions. Jargons, slang, swearing and insults are considered as bad language hence they are censored in most contexts in our language. And have you ever heard of the language of political correctness?The authors dedicate a whole chapter to explore it in its various facets. Quoting linguist Noam Chomsky, the authors aver that this healthy concern of moral concern (Allan Burridge, 2006, p.90) has evolved in different forms and has evolved from politics to etiquette.Further, they aver, that politically correct language is a form of language censorship. But they observe that taboo culture has been evolving. In a whole chapter, the authors explain that speakers concerns for the wellbeing of their language lead to Puristic activities and linguistic censoring, (Allan Burridge, 2006, p.112).Puristic language directs to the standard language and is a form of verbal hygiene. Ones name is considered an inalienable part of ones identity.Thus, an assault on ones name is considered sim ilar to an assault on ones body. This explains why names are tabooed in most societies. The authors then proceed to discuss sex and bodily effluvia, topics ordinarily mentioned in whispers since they are heavily tabooed as topics of discussions. The authors aver that all sex whether heterosexual, transsexual, or homosexual is subject to taboos and censoring. They cite scriptures and ancient cultures and philosophers to show that this has been the case since antiquity. And did you know that masturbation is considered in the same breadth as murder in the church circles? All this is well explained in this book. There are constraints in naming bodily effluvia such as faeces, semen; menstruation etc.There is also a whole chapter on the language of food and drink. Food means more than just something to keep a persons body healthy, but people take food for other purposes as well. Our bodies have intimate connections with food and thus food and drinks are subject to a great deal of taboo. A nd did you know there is a connection between food and sex? Well, this book explores the link.Food is used as a metaphor for the sexes, too (Allan Burridge, 2006, p.194).There is also a robust discussion on disease, death and killing in relation to taboo language. Death is a fear based taboo, according to the authors, and there is much fear to it. The last chapter revisits taboo, censoring and the human brain. The authors aver that science has proven that taboo language has a special place in our neutral anatomy (Allan Burridge, 2006, p.237). The authors support their arguments with a vast array of references and cases from different societies, authors, philosophers and religious texts from across the worl...

The Ethical Dilemm Abortion Essay - 1233 Words

Ethical Dilemma: Abortion Abortion is a widely discussed topic that has opened a moral debate on whether it should, or not, be allowed. The purpose of this paper is to analyze a case study which will be addressed from a Christian based worldview. Additionally, since abortion is a controversial subject, it is necessary to take into account the potential resolutions of the issue, and how they can be contrasted to Christian values and core beliefs. Ethical Dilemma A woman gets pregnant after a long time of trying, however, medical tests confirm that the baby has Down syndrome. She has a successful career but wants to maintain it balance with her family. Although the woman feels uncomfortable with abortion, her doctor suggests it as the best option. On the other hand, she looks for advice with a recognized professor, who is an expert in human potential and suffering, and he also suggests abortion as the most ethical solution to avoid bringing suffering to the world. The moral issue falls in the decision of either terminate the pregnancy, and therefore life of the fetus, or give birth to a baby that will need special care for his/her entire life. Therefore, in this case scenario there are limited solutions; other than choosing to abort or keep the baby, the mother could also consider giving the baby for adoption as a plan. These three alternatives may be subjected to moral judgements since abortion is a form of killing, bring lif e to the world without the proper care is a

Conspiracy Theories Are An Integral Part Of Society

Conspiracy theories are an integral part of society to answer the world’s unexplained questions. It is a theory that explains an event or set of circumstances as the result of a secret plot by usually powerful conspirators (Merriam-Webster). There are various ways to categorize these theories. According to Jesse Walker, there are five kinds: The enemy outside, the enemy within, the enemy above, the enemy below, and benevolent conspiracies (p. __). On the other hand Michael Barkun believes there are three types: event conspiracy, systematic conspiracy, and super-conspiracy (p. 6). The conspiracy theory at hand revolves around Purdue Pharmaceuticals (Purdue Pharma), and their release of opioids. Opium is a plant that was used from 1804 to now. In 1972 Contin was put on the market at a controlled drug-release system (Purdue Pharma L.P.). In 1984 MS Contin was put on the market as an extended-release formula of morphine, and in 1996 OxyContin was put on the market as an extended-r elease formula of Oxycodone (Van Zee). These drugs were released in the United States, Mexico, and Canada. According to the Center for Addiction and Mental Health these drugs are commonly used for pain and recreational use (__). Purdue Pharmaceuticals did not notify doctors and patients of the drug’s addictive properties, thus creating the opioid addiction epidemic in America. Due to them concealing the truth, a six hundred million dollar lawsuit was settled in May 2007, with more lawsuits to comeShow MoreRelatedEssay on Diversity and Society and Diversity in the Meda789 Words   |  4 PagesDiversity and Society and Diversity in the Meda The media is an integral part of modern day society, our lives can be shaped by it, and our views can be a product of the medias influence. Society is greatly diverse in terms of views, class and ethnicity, this diversity is reflected in the media. Pluralism is a sociological theory that acknowledges media diversity. Pluralists believe that the media offers a wide range of views to cater for various groups in society, and itRead MoreNew World Order in Conspiracy Theory13987 Words   |  56 Pages------------------------------------------------- New World Order (conspiracy theory) This article is about the use of the term  New World Order  in conspiracy theory. For other uses, see  New World Order (disambiguation). The reverse side of the  Great Seal of the United States  (1776). 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This article addresses the role and the relationship of spin doctoring with other players take part in mass media, with two case studies demonstrated: one being successful and one being unsuccessful spin. The successful spin will be shown using the example of the Islamic State Group in Syria and Iraq (ISIS). On the other hand, the unsuccessful oneRead MoreComplex Organizations And Its Evolution1944 Words   |  8 PagesComplex Organizations and its Evolution Change and evolution are key elements for proper development. Our society wouldn’t be the same today if it didn’t change in different phases of time. As humans, we have an ever-changing perspective and for generations, we have been changing our views and perspectives. Organizations are no different. They also had to go through different sets of changes in order to evolve into what we see them as now. Organizations are a class of socially assembled innovationsRead MoreInternational Business At Se Ethical, Corporate Social Responsibility And Human Labor Issues1809 Words   |  8 Pagesuncertain. This was shown through the corrupted police officers’ conspiracy with the traffickers as revealed above. Instead, as mentioned by Marschke (2014), the Thai government has to acknowledge the labour shortages in the country’s fishing industry and the growth in the fish-farming operations. The governments of the victims should also take steps to protect their citizens from being preys of the con agents. Besides, the society roles are also viewed by journalists. Quirk (2012) believes that

Should Technology Replace Educational Tools in School

Should Technology Replace Educational Tools in School? Technology has spread across the world to become a major factor in day to day life. It is used for work, researching, and entertainment. Technology has already started to replace certain educational objects in schools, but its possibilities are still being held back. People worry about the possible consequences of their children being exposed to technology. However, the benefits easily outweigh the consequences when each of them can be resolved. An increase in technology in schools will improve the lives of the students and the choices they make for their future. Technology can have a larger part in schools through computers, phones, projectors, tablets, and even smart boards. There†¦show more content†¦If something is stopping a student from being able to come to school on a certain day such as the weather then the teacher could send the lesson to the students to review until they return to school. This would not only help on keeping absent kids up but it could also allow the teacher to go through the work quicker. Having technology to use instead of books also allows the student to be exposed to a wider range of information that is more up to date. Today’s generations are used to technology and have a tendency to work better when it’s involved. The Empowering Leaners which is AASL’s national guidelines for school libraries stated that technology needs to slowly increase its involvement in education (Norton, 2013, p. 5). Students grow up today learning that they are going to need to know how to use technology for their futures so by doing this schools are expanding their choices. Technology is costly but the money that is spent on books, paper, pencils, folders, markers, etc., the school could be saving money in the long run. It could also help out students who don’t have the money to buy the needed supplies. Another great thing about technology is that it doesn’t only help the students but the teachers and parents also. Having a class full of students can make it hard for the teacher to make sure that each of them is learning the material. Every student has their own way of learning and the te chnology can allow theShow MoreRelatedTechnology And Its Impact On The Classroom1571 Words   |  7 PagesTechnology in the school has become an increasingly challenging and somewhat disruptive aspect in today’s educational system. In order to maintain what is considered the status quo, schools have focused their energy and resources on banning cell phones, wireless Internet and blocking social networking sites like Facebook and Twitter in schools. However, as technology continues to grow in our society outside of the school, many believe that effectively involving these technologies into the classroomRead MoreTechnology Is Becoming Increasingly Used For Student Learning Through Technology Essay1320 Words   |  6 PagesTechnology is becoming increasingly used in K-12 schools every day. In fact, in 2010, the U.S. Department of Education released the National Education Technology Plan to promote student learning through technology. School districts began to spend millions of dollars on newer and more updated devices to provide their students with the newest technology. (Factors, 1). But questions have come up about the affect technology has on the students. Do they truly learn more when using technology in theRead MoreTechnology Has Changed The Way We Learn Essay1559 Words   |  7 PagesTechnology has indeed changed the way we learn. 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Through this law there were several effects in the way schools teaching their students. this also affected what tests the students had to take and the teachers training. This also addressed the way schools and their districts were going to spend their monetary funds. The goal of this act was to provide educators assistance in planning and implementingRead MoreIpads in the Primary Classroom831 Words   |  3 Pagesyear old children are considered technologically savvy. Children learn differently with technology. Certain skills such as problem solving, exploratory learning, collaboration, and teamwork skills are enhanced through the use of technology (2013). Shifflet,Toledo, Mattoon found in their research, preschoolers were quite successful with iPads and even at a young age, the use of technology enhances the educational experience. 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The Impact Of Tourism On The Economy Of Australia

Choose any ONE industry in Australia from this list and discuss the reforms been done in that industry. Study of Agriculture and Tourism Industry in Australia Introduction: Agriculture and tourism plays a vital role in the economy of Australia. Both of this wide spreading industries are intertwined amongst oneself both playing major role for one another. When tourism becomes established in agrarian economy, a common perception is that tourism will drive out agriculture. However such result is not pre-ordained. While tourism may increase the costs of agricultural production, the land owners and laborers benefit from increased resource values, wages and an improved infrastructure. Tourists and tourism induced improvements in marketing system encourages the production of non-traditional, high value agricultural commodities. Tourism also stimulates landscaping and a host of agriculture-based service enterprises, bringing about profound positive changes that offset decrease in traditional agriculture. Tourism is transforming not destroying agriculture. Different tourist areas have managed resource conflicts and allow evaluation of management policies. There must be consideration in encouraging co-operation between the industries. Agriculture can also learn to take advantage of new improved markets tourism creates. Greater integration of agriculture and tourism will reduce leakage of tourism dollars from the local economy and expand export earnings. Body: The tourism industryShow MoreRelatedAustralian Aviation Sector Influences On The Australian Economy And The Tourism Industry1580 Words   |  7 PagesTOUR2010 – Applied Economics for Tourism Economic Issues Report Jessica Thomson S43210338 1.0 Introduction This economic issues report will outline how the Australian aviation sector influences both the Australian economy and the tourism industry. The report will also highlight how the economic issues of employment, fuel consumption and environmental challenges affect the Australian aviation sector and how these issues relate to the economic principles of supply and demand. The report willRead MoreThe Effects Of Post Olympic Games On The Olympics1118 Words   |  5 Pages‘Bubble economy’ is the third reason of the ‘valley’ effect of post-Olympic Games. Before the Olympics, many tourists and company go into the Olympic host country to consume. They will largely promote this country s development of the construction industry, tourism, services, retail and other industries. Especially in tourism, the Olympic Games will bring numerous tourists for host city, and these tourists will consume in the city, and these tourists need pay for food, accommodation, transport ,Read MoreSwot Australia1110 Words   |  5 Pagescompounded Australias tourism industry. Relevant departments recently predicted that Australia will be reduced by inbound tourists this year, more than 4% the past 20 years Australian tourism industry is facing the most severe blow.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Australian Bureau of Statistics data released ,2007-2008 Australian tourism contribution to gross domestic product was 3.6%, while this proportion was 4.7% previously. Therefore, the tourism industry downturn will inevitably affect Australias economy as a whole. Read MoreA Research Study Of Event Tourism1206 Words   |  5 Pagescountries established the event tourism organizations and companies. Adelaide is the capital city of the state of South Australia (SA), the event arm of SA name Event South Australia which actively supports the events and festivals through strong recognition and sponsorship (South Australian Tourism Commission official website 2016). The study of Event tourism: definition, evolution and research (Getz 2007), identified the events play an important role in tourism, the events can be planned or unplannedRead MoreEconomic, Social, Political And Environmental Influences That Tourism Business Has On The Economy Of Australia Essay1554 Words   |  7 Pagessocial, political and environmental influences that tourism business has on the economy of Australia. Subtopics include employment, imports and exports, and major tourist locations in Australia. This paper looks at historical impacts and how current events are affecti ng the business and tourism industries and what this means for the future of Australia. Economic To begin a discussion on the economic state of tourism businesses within Australia, an industry that has contributed 46.3 billion AUD orRead MoreTourist Popular Destination: The Kangaroo Island Essay1530 Words   |  7 Pages1000 places to see before you die , Kangaroo Island is a premier tourist destination located off the coast of South Australia. It attracts mostly tourists from South Australia as it is an easily accessible destination to get to. A short ferry trip across Backstairs Passage on the Sea Link ferry will bring you to the town of Penneshaw. The island â€Å"†¦has become a sought-after tourism destination due to its national parks and the wildlife that exists within them.† The main industry on the island isRead More The Economic Impact Of The Olympic Games Essays1133 Words   |  5 PagesThe Economic Impact of the Olympic Games Missing Graphs With the Olympic games being held in Sydney this year, I wondered if perhaps the performance of the economy was being affected in part by the fiscal stimulus provided by Olympic construction in Sydney and other parts of the country. Australia’s economy has been performing well recently, suggesting that there might be some effect. 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From 2013-2014 it contributed about $43 billion to the country’s Gross Domestic Product. According to 2010-2011 reports 513,700 people were employed in tourism. With a 92% return on investment for government spending– it offers higher returns than Australia’s leading industries such as mining, meat and agriculture. Since the last 12 months, tourism has been madeRead MoreEffects Of Mass Tourism960 Words   |  4 PagesMass tourism always has a positive impact on a country or region Introduction Mass tourism has become more popular than ever because of ease of access to destinations and transportation with the ever-growing influence of social media. Although in a traditional sense, mass tourism itself is not an ideal industry, but it can have varying impacts on a country or region. It can help its environment, highlight its culture and boost its economy. Although it can also have negative outcomes if the country

Start a business Free Essays

Selecting the line of business : – The first thing to be decided by the entrepreneur is the line and type of business to be undertaken. 2. Scale or size of business After deciding the line of business the businessman must decide whether he wants to set up large scale or small scale business. We will write a custom essay sample on Start a business or any similar topic only for you Order Now 3. Choice of form of Business organisation :- The next decision must be taken Is to finalise the form of business I. e. , to set up sole proprietorship. , partnership or joint stock company. 4. Location of Business Enterprise :- The entrepreneur has to decide the place where the enterprise will be ocated. Before taking this decision he must find out availability of raw materials, power, labour, banking, transportation etc. 5. Financial Requirement : The businessman must analyse the amount of capital he might require to buy fixed assets and for working capital (Day to day expenses) Proper financial planning must be done to determine the amount of funds needed. 6. Physical facilities include machinery, equipment building etc. This decision depends upon the size, scale and type of business activities he wants to carry on. 7. Plant layout How to cite Start a business, Papers

Jimi Hendrix Vs, Kurt Cobain Essay Example For Students

Jimi Hendrix Vs, Kurt Cobain Essay History has always been marked by great music. Every generation has its own unique genre; from classical to swing, people have always found a song or a melody that seemed as if it was written just for them. However, truly great music is created by a certain type of genius. It takes more than the average guy to forge a classic like Stairway to Heaven. Two men in the late twentieth century were such masterminds: Jimi Hendrix and Kurt Cobain. While both will live forever in musical infamy, they will remain legends for different reasons. One of the most important factors in becoming a rock legend is bringing about a revolution, opening people to something bold and new. Kurt Cobain, along with his band, Nirvana, changed rock music forever. In a time when music was becoming mass-produced, emotionless muck, Cobain brought about something that was repulsively beautiful and alive. He introduced grunge rock to the world: music filled with screaming distortion, tremendous angst, and overwhelming passion rarely seen from the generation that invented the term whatever. Nevertheless, let us not forget a similar revolution, which took place over a decade earlier. In an era when hippies wandered free and drugs were just mind expanding, another such musical phenomenon occurred. A young black man caught the ear of millions with his awe-inspiring guitar tunes. This man was Jimi Hendrix. Unlike Cobain, Hendrix wrote music to support and inspire his followers, as opposed to creating a method of shock treatment through music. Hendrix created brilliant melodies along with lyrics that touched the hearts of all who would listen. One habit that both musicians shared was the ability to excite and invigorate listeners, especially live audiences. Cobain had the ability to make thousands of slackers stand up and scream for more. Throughout his many tours, Cobain always arrived to a packed venue filled with fans, many of which had probably spent the night in line waiting for tickets and the chance to see something momentous. Hendrixs career consisted of more festival type tours, where he was allowed to reach a wider variety of listeners, while still holding the faith of his steadfast fans. Hendrix had a particular talent for playing the guitar. He would delight and thrill onlookers by playing with his toes or his teeth, or while spinning around on the ground. Both were great performers who knew how to put on a show. Their greatest common characteristic was in how they ended the performance; they would completely trash th e stage from which they played. Smashing guitars, tipping drum sets, and even setting fire to the instruments were some their memorable methods of concluding a performance. These great musicians were also great lyricists. Both have songs which remain on the top countdowns to this day, although Hendrix died almost 20 years ago and Cobain passed in 1994. Cobain left a legacy of haunting tunes such as Come As You Are, Polly, and Heart Shaped Box. Kurt used the pain from a broken family and a painful life to give birth to remarkable songs, which allowed so many disillusioned teens to find a kin spirit in his words. Hendrix also composed many amazing pieces, such as The Wind Cries Mary, All Along the Watchtower, and Purple Haze. His music held enthusiasm and a fire rarely seen in such a form. Although they both had numerous great hits, both had one great song that would characterize their music careers forever. For Jimi Hendrix, it was his guitar interpretation of the National Anthem, while Cobains was his first hit Smells Like Teen Spirit. These great men helped shape our culture and gave the youth of their time something to believe in, someone who knew how it felt, and someone to give them hope. Jimi Hendrix taught people that great music comes in all different forms. Whether its a soft rhapsody or a devilish guitar tune, music is what drives us. Kurt Cobain failed to teach us anything, but he did wake up a sleepy generation. He inspired millions of kids to go out and start their own garage bands, but most importantly his music related to them. The lyrics from his most popular song describe

Loyalty in Twelfth Night Essay Example For Students

Loyalty in Twelfth Night Essay A common theme in many of Shakespeares plays is the idea of loyalty. Good or evil, right or wrong, the central character in the play always has at least one person whom no matter what the circumstances never leaves their side or never denies the person what they want even if it is contrary to what they want or believe. The play Twelfth Night portrays a very good example of loyalty and sacrifice. Viola, or Cesario as she is known through most of the play, has found herself in an interesting predicament. A rather interesting love triangle is woven in the play and she finds herself in the middle of it as both a man and a woman. The interesting part is that she puts her own feelings aside in order to fulfill the wishes of her Lord and her love. For anyone who has been in love they can understand how difficult it must have been to pursue another woman for the man that you love. Viola is quoted as saying Ill do my best to woo your lady: aside yet a barful strife! Whoeer I woo, myself would be his wife (Twelfth Night I.iv.40), she is admitting that she loves him. This is not going to stop her from pursuing Olivia on Orsinos behalf. In creating her character Shakespeare has in effect created someone who will put her own interests aside in order to be loyal to the Duke. This is the ultimate sacrifice. Loyalty in this case is something that is prohibiting the character from finding her own happiness. She never considers not carrying out her duties to further her gain. Her loyalty lies in two different aspects, to her Lord and to her Love. Violas character is so unique because through her disguise she becomes the love interest of the very woman that she is pursing for the Duke. Obviously her interests would lie far from getting involved with Olivia but we can still observe her persistency in her loyalty to the Duke. It is at the times when Olivia is persistent in her love for Cesario that I think Violas loyalty shines through the most. Going against her own feelings she always has the Dukes interests at heart. Viola, in my opinion, truly represents the loyal servant and love. In King Lear, one of King Lears largest supporters is Kent. While he is only Kent in Lears eyes for a short while in the play, because he is disguised, it is Kent none the less who watches out for Lear and attempts to protect him. Beginning with the first line of the play we already see Kent interested and involved in King Lears life and well being. Kent is an interesting character because he does not stay in the good graces of King Lear past Act I, Scene i but this does not stop him from being true, loyal and faithful to his King. At the point just before Kent is banished from the kingdom he is quoted as saying Royal Lear, who I have ever honoured as my king, loved as my father, as my master followed, as my great patron thought on in These are words that would only be spoken by a man that was truly loving and loyal. This quotation sets up for us that even after he is banished from the kingdom he will continue to serve and be loyal to his King. He accomplishes this is by using a disguise to hide his identity which will allow him to say by Lears side till the end of the play. As far as Im concerned this is the ultimate form of loyalty because Kents only agenda is to keep Lear safe. .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34 , .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34 .postImageUrl , .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34 , .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34:hover , .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34:visited , .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34:active { border:0!important; } .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34:active , .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34 .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua74d593b41e1d50ec368c2a7bb9e7b34:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Great Depression Essay Thesis As the play progresses we see Kent doing various deeds in order to protect Lears reputation and life. Kents goal is to protect Lear from his two daughters Goneril and Regan whom he feels are trying to eliminate Lear to increase their own power. Kent knows that Lear does not realize that he has made a monumental mistake by splitting his power between Goneril and Regan and he is trying to rectify the situation. In effect Kent .

Children Should Be Engaged in Paid Work, Agree or Disagree Essay Example

Children Should Be Engaged in Paid Work, Agree or Disagree? Essay Children should be engaged in paid work, agree or disagree? In many countries children are engaged in different kinds of paid work. Some people regard this as completely wrong, while others consider it a valuable work experience, important for learning and taking responsibility. What is your opinion? The issue of whether or not children should be engaged in some paid work has sparked a heated debate. While some argue that having some employment experience is conducive to a child’s learning and development, I contend that it would bring harm to the child’s heath and learning. First of all, a workplace designed for adults is normally shortage of child-friendly facilities. Desks and chairs are too high for a child; the light switches are installed on the walls unreachable by children; also emergency training and facilities such as phones are only provided to adults. Furthermore, various hazards such as polluted air and chemical fumes are still produced in factories and farms. Undoubtedly young people would suffer in such workplaces. Also, children would find it frustrating when they are not properly inducted before starting a job. A child working in a cement factory would feel a setback when he could not get immediate support while struggling with the procedures of recording different raw materials that is required by the job. Further, without sufficient support, a child’s misunderstanding or inappropriately communicating with adults would only disappoint him and prevents him from active learning and interacting with other people. To conclude, a child’s paid employment experience would lead to a negative impact on their health and active learning. We will write a custom essay sample on Children Should Be Engaged in Paid Work, Agree or Disagree? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Children Should Be Engaged in Paid Work, Agree or Disagree? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Children Should Be Engaged in Paid Work, Agree or Disagree? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer However, recognizing the importance of children’s learning and their awareness of responsibility, it is advisable to encourage them to be involved in some volunteering opportunities where they can meaningfully learn and interact with other people with sufficient care and support in place for such jobs. This is a good essay. There are only a few errors (mouse over the words underlined in blue shows corrections), but otherwise this work seems worthy of Band 7. 5 or 8. Remember to always proofread your essay before submitting it. Keep up the good work! Children Should Be Engaged in Paid Work, Agree or Disagree Essay Example Children Should Be Engaged in Paid Work, Agree or Disagree? Essay Children should be engaged in paid work, agree or disagree? In many countries children are engaged in different kinds of paid work. Some people regard this as completely wrong, while others consider it a valuable work experience, important for learning and taking responsibility. What is your opinion? The issue of whether or not children should be engaged in some paid work has sparked a heated debate. While some argue that having some employment experience is conducive to a child’s learning and development, I contend that it would bring harm to the child’s heath and learning. First of all, a workplace designed for adults is normally shortage of child-friendly facilities. Desks and chairs are too high for a child; the light switches are installed on the walls unreachable by children; also emergency training and facilities such as phones are only provided to adults. Furthermore, various hazards such as polluted air and chemical fumes are still produced in factories and farms. Undoubtedly young people would suffer in such workplaces. Also, children would find it frustrating when they are not properly inducted before starting a job. A child working in a cement factory would feel a setback when he could not get immediate support while struggling with the procedures of recording different raw materials that is required by the job. Further, without sufficient support, a child’s misunderstanding or inappropriately communicating with adults would only disappoint him and prevents him from active learning and interacting with other people. To conclude, a child’s paid employment experience would lead to a negative impact on their health and active learning. We will write a custom essay sample on Children Should Be Engaged in Paid Work, Agree or Disagree? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Children Should Be Engaged in Paid Work, Agree or Disagree? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Children Should Be Engaged in Paid Work, Agree or Disagree? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer However, recognizing the importance of children’s learning and their awareness of responsibility, it is advisable to encourage them to be involved in some volunteering opportunities where they can meaningfully learn and interact with other people with sufficient care and support in place for such jobs. This is a good essay. There are only a few errors (mouse over the words underlined in blue shows corrections), but otherwise this work seems worthy of Band 7. 5 or 8. Remember to always proofread your essay before submitting it. Keep up the good work!

Causes & Consequences of The Great Depression essays

Causes & Consequences of The Great Depression essays The Great Depression was the worst economic slide in the history of the United States. It left many emotional and physiological scars, invisible scars as one writer called it, on the American people. There were many contributing factors to the causes of the Great Depression, which came along with a lot of consequences. To tackle the strain that the Great Depression was putting on the American people, President Franklin D. Roosevelt implemented The New Deal to which had its own successes and failures. In the late 1920s the stock market started to resemble that of a sporting arena; the way Americans followed stock prices as the same way they followed the exploits of such American idols as Babe Ruth or Jack Dempsey. The American people were convinced that it was their duty to buy stocks; and buy stocks they did. Stock prices increased approximately twice the rate of the industrial production during the bull market of the 1920s. Stocks were mainly bought on the basis of their perceived earning power rather than their actual value. For Example; Radio Corporation of America stock (RCA) shot from $85 to $420 , which was so overvalued that it didnt make sense to buy. However, investors would buy anyway hoping that they could sell later at a higher price once its perceived earning power would present itself. Many of these stock buyers were so confident that the purchase of stocks would be so profitable, that they bought more stock than they could afford; and they were able to do th is via easy-credit and margin account market schemes. This allowed investors to purchase stocks by making as low as a 10 percent down payment, borrow the rest from a broker, and used the shares that they had just supposedly bought as collateral, or security on the loan. With this system, the buy now pay later concept spread in epidemic proportions throughout the United States. At its peak in early September, the bull market had...

Strengths and weaknesses of viral marketing Essay

Strengths and weaknesses of viral marketing - Essay Example Contrary to expectation, Leskovec, Adamic and Huberman, found that the chances of infection decreases as interaction increases (Leskovec, Adamic and Huberman, 2007, P.14). Therefore, marketers should avoid providing excessive incentives for customers to recommend products due to the corresponding weakening of credibility after the first recommendation. They also found that individuals have influence over only a few friends in network based epidermic models. Leskovec, Adamic and Huberman, recommend that smaller tightly knit groups are more conducive to viral marketing (Leskovec, Adamic and Huberman, 2007, P.14). Rationale for viral marketing Viral marketing exploits the established social networks between people by encouraging customers to share product experience and information with friends. It is important for marketers to understand the context in which viral marketing works and the qualities of products for which it is most effective. This is important in order to ensure that the right strategy is adopted to create favorable customer attitudes towards a product (Blythe, 2005, P.110). It can be argued that some services used by people to communicate are naturally suited to viral marketing because such products can be advertised as part of communication. Examples of such products are email services like Yahoo and Hotmail which were adopted very fast because every message sent through them was an advertisement for the service and the service was free. Hotmail spent only $50 000 on traditional marketing but still acquired 12 million users in 18 months. By the end of 2000, Hotmail had over 70 million users with 270 000 new accounts opened each day. Google’s Gmail grew...This is important in order to ensure that the right strategy is adopted to create favorable customer attitudes towards a product (Blythe, 2005, P.110). It can be argued that some services used by people to communicate are naturally suited to viral marketing because such products can be advertised as part of communication. Examples of such products are email services like Yahoo and Hotmail which were adopted very fast because every message sent through them was an advertisement for the service and the service was free. Hotmail spent only $50 000 on traditional marketing but still acquired 12 million users in 18 months. By the end of 2000, Hotmail had over 70 million users with 270 000 new accounts opened each day. Google’s Gmail grew rapidly in spite of the fact that customers had to sign up for the mail service through a referral . Most products cannot be advertised in this way; in any case, the choice of products on offer has increased as a result of the emergence of online marketers who can supply a wide variety of products. Another aspect of online retail is the fat tail phenomena, where a large portion of the sales consists of obscure products. For instance, at Amazon.Com 20 to 40 percent of unit sales fall outside the top 100 000 ranked products. Some online marketers argue that the fat tail indicates that key products with low sales volume contribute significantly to overall sales.

Mass communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Mass communication - Essay Example Moreover, the analysis will consider the two pertinent arguments that seek to define the ways in which the media and culture interact with society. For such a purpose, it is necessary to view â€Å"the media† as a solitary entity rather than a conglomerate of multi-dimensional pieces. Although such a definition is somewhat simplistic, it is one of the only ways that such a broad topic can be attempted to be researched and answered in such a brief piece. Firstly, many scholars have sought to portray the way in which the media interacts with and defines culture as a mechanism by which one is forcefully shaping the other in a way that exhibits the strength and power of one over the other. This approach has been used by many to draw a level of inference with respect to the ways in which the media has a direct or indirect effect in attempting to mold and direct the shape of a given culture (Salomon 1997, p. 379). As such, this interpretation necessarily takes the view that the medi a is somehow operating in a type of vacuum and has the strength to both mold and shape the beliefs, attitudes, and norms/mores of society in which it interacts. Although this can to a large extent be realized to be partially true, the fact of the matter is that the media is itself integrally tied to the concept and understanding of culture. In this way, it cannot be fully understood to be a foreign force that is acting upon culture as a means to influence it. However, to the credit of those that espouse such a view of the media, it should be understood that recent changes and direction in the media actually helps to add a degree of credence to such a worldview. Years past, the media itself was a massive conglomeration of different firms and interests that could be divided amongst radio, television, movie industry, newspaper, magazine, entertainers, production entities etc. However, there has been a definite and pronounced trend within the past 30-40 years to have what can only be de fined as a more integrated representation of the media within our world. This is not the result of some sinister plot to control the minds and culture of our current society; rather, it is merely the fact that the media industries are like any other business and seek to continually differentiate themselves and seek out new opportunities, reduce competition, and open themselves to new markets and new consumers of their products. As a means to earn more profits and generate a higher degree of market share, mergers have been a trend within the media industries for the better part of the past several decades. As such, the aforementioned groups that make up the media industry within the world have become more and more related; thereby creating a situation in which but a handful of dominant media firms seemingly dictate multiple sectors of the media. This has caused many people to assume that due to the non-penetration of free market players into the industry it necessarily means that the media as such has a powerful and monopolistic effect on interacting with and defining culture (Mallia 2011, p. 33). However, as will be analyzed in the proceeding section, such an approach is somewhat narrow-minded. Due to the fact that each of these media sectors ultimately seeks to operate in the same way that any firm would (i.e. to generate profits), the behavior of the entity is not unpredictable or

Nuclei And Mitochondrial Fraction

Nuclei And Mitochondrial Fraction The objective of this experiment is to prepare a nuclei and mitochondrial fraction using differential centrifugation, from a rat liver homogenate sample. The amount of activity of mitochondria in the fractions can be measured using succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) as a marker. To measure the percentage recovery of the SDH of Mitochondrial, Nuclei and supernatant fractions in comparison to the Homogenate and to Calculate the specific and relative activity of SDH in each fraction. Figure 1: Shows a typical animal cell with the individual organelle components. Figure 2: Shows the typical features and functions of the organelles of interest in this report. Figure 1 + 2 Created on Microsoft paint with reference to Essential Biology (2004) Individual organelles differ in size but are all usually around 10nm in diameter. There is a small surface area and size/density depends on the organelle, the smaller organelles being lysosomes and ribosomes. Mitochondria differs in cell type depending on the energy demand of that organ, the more ATP that is required in a particular organ the more mitochondria found. E.g. more mitochondria found in heart and liver cells than in a white blood cell like a lymphocyte. Smaller organelles include lysosomes and ribosomes. Metabolism can be detected using various methods such as use of inhibitors. These can be both competitive and non-competitive, an example is seen with arsenic with inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase. Another method is with the use of radioisotopes to measure activity aswell as histochemistry, immunocytochemistry and electromicroscopy. Preparation of the homogenate occurs in various stages. Firstly the homogenisation of liver cells. This can be done using a Potter Elvehjem homogeniser to extract organelles without damaging the actual cell. This is a simple and effective homogenisation method. A small gap is made within the cell wall which is then pressurised which forces the contents i.e organelles, cytoplasm etc. out of the cell. This occurs at a low temperature and mild pH, and to keep the isotonic solution a sucrose buffer is used, therefore since there is the same water potential inside the cell and outside the cell there is no net movement of water (osmosis) and thus the cell remains the same size. Homogenized cells also must be kept at low temperatures to prevent autolysis (the degradation of a cell by its enzymes). (www.bookrags.com). Figure 3 shows a classic Potter Elvehjem homogeniser Image taken from (umwcellbiology.org) The second stage is fractionation of the homogenate sample. This process is called centrifugation and can be further split into either a differential centrifugation or a density gradient centrifugation. The differential centrifugation splits the impure fraction into separate compartments due to the size of the various organelles in question and there density. The centrifuge applies a gravitational force onto the sample to separate components. The rate of centrifugation is determined by the acceleration or speed applied to the homogenate and is usually measured in revolutions per minute (RPM) or g. Depending on the density of the organelles will determine their isolation at a given speed. The higher density organelles and the bigger organelles separate at a lower speed centrifugation. (K. Wilson 2005). The separation forms a pellet which is the precipitate proportion of the sample and the component of interest and a supernatant which is the liquid component. The supernatant readily de canted from the sample without removing the precipitate. Diferemces in centrifugation occur due to the techniques used, differential centrifugation is based upon the sedimentation rate of particles and thus the sedimentation rate separates them based on size and density. After initial sedimentation the largest particles separate first into pellet and supernatant (K. Wilson 2005). Density gradient centrifugation separates organelles using a media. Various media can be applied and depending on the particles will be best for certain types and may not work well for others. (K. Wilson 2005). The 4 fractions we will obtain are nuclei, mitochondrial, supernatant and homogenate. Various tests can be carried out to distinguish between fractions and to determine their actual purity, testing for specific enzymes can code for the activity occurring in the cell fractions therefore indicating the most abundant component. Some tests include: Testing for DNA in both nuclei and mitochondrial fractions. This is because DNA is contained within the nucleus but also within the mitochondria. This is because relating to the endosymbiotic theory mitochondria was a separate aerobically respiring bacterial cell which was later engulfed by an early eukaryotic cell to merge into one aerobically respiring cell. Mitochondria is maternally inherited in the case of the majority of multicellular organisms, this is due to the higher number of mtDNA molecules in the ooecyte and much fewer in a sperm cell which are mostly degraded before fertilization takes place. Test for histones which indicate nuclei fraction as well as testing for various enzymes such as ATPase found in cytoplasmic (supernatant) and mitochondrial fractions and phosphotase kinase indicating microsomes and golgi apparatus are present. Some enzymes are exclusive to the citric acid cycle which occurs in the mitochondria, therefore testing for these enzymes indicates the presence of mitochondria in a fraction. The enzyme marker to test for mitochondria which we use is succinate dehydrogenase which is exclusive to the inner mitochondrial membrane. Succinate dehydrogenase is formed only during the citric acid cycle so is only given as an indication of mitochondria. However, since during the homogenisation process the mitochondria could potentially burst spilling their contents into the cytoplasm (supernatant fraction), this does not therefore give an accurate indication of mitochondria present in a fraction. Succinate dehydrogenase breaks down succinate into fumurate, therefore t he measurement of formazan indicates presence of succinate dehydrogenase. Measuring Succinate Dehydrogenase Activity (Red Formazan assay) This occurs in 2 reactions: 1: succinate + FAD à ¨ fumarate + FADH2 SDH breaks down succinate into fumarate. This is an oxidation reaction since the succinate loses 2 electrons, in addition a reduction of the enzyme flavin adenine dinucleotide occurs (FAD gains 2 electrons) (FAD + 2 electrons à ¨ FADH2) Figure 4: Shows the redox reaction which occurs with succinate and FAD. Image taken from natuurlijkerwijs.com SDH activity is measured by the formation of formazan a deep red compound formed from the reduction on a tetrazolium salt. The reduced FADH2 reduces tetrazolium salt (INT). 2: FADH2 + INT à ¨ FAD + formazan Centrifugation and calculating the relative centrifugal field. (K. Wilson 2005) G = W2r = 4 II2 r (rPM)2 = 1.1110-5r (rPM)2 3600 G= Relative centrifugal force (RFC) r = Radical distance from axis of rotation w = Angular velocity rPM = Revolutions per minute. T = 9 É ² (In Rt/Rb) 2 W2rp2 (Pp -P) É ² = Viscosity of medium rp = Radius of particle Pp = Density of particle P = Density of medium Rt = Radius to top of centrifuge tube Rb = Radius to bottom of centrifuge tube. There are many differences in types of centrifuges available and results depend on the speed of the centrifugation and whether a vacuum is present and the type of rotor used. (K. Wilson 2005) Analysis of marker enzymes in subfractions determines the recovery of subcellular organelles, with comparison to previous tests, quantative data can be used to assess contamination of fractions. Showing whether the subfractionation method has been successful or not. These tests also hold health benefits and implications e.g. microsome C causes cell death and can be found in mitochondrial fractions, however in cancer patients no microsome c is present, indicating no cell death will occur a common feature of cancer cells. Enzyme measurement in subcellular fractions however does hold some implications such as the solubility of the environment which may cause differences in enzyme function. Another implication is latency of enzymes, this refers to whether proteins are bound to the enzyme which in turn activates them once bound signalling enzyme function. There may also be low recovery of enzymes in the fractions due to poor recovery of the organelles which they come from, in particular if the enzyme is confined only to a specific region. Over the 3 week period centrifugation will separate the fractions according to size/density and separating the sample into the pellet and supernatant fractions. The speed of the centrifuge determines whether the pellets will separate. A lower speed is needed to separate the nuclei fraction due to the higher density, whereas the higher speed is needed to separate the supernatant due to the smaller density remaining organelles. (K. Wilson 2005). The protein content is also measure for each fraction using the biuret assay, absorbance values are given which determine the protein content of each fraction. Finally succinate dehydrogenase is measured. This causes a redox reaction and causes e- ions are released, using formazan as an indicator this changes the colour of solution red, showing a redox reaction has taken place. From this research I can predict that the mitochondrial fraction is expected to have the highest results in specific activity due to fewer proteins present in that fraction. Results: Calculations: Formazans molar extinction coefficient (E490nm) = 20,100 M-1 cm-1 The specific activity and relative activity of the fractions can be determined by measuring the concentration using Beer- Lamberts Law: (www.chemguide.co.uk) A = ÃŽ µ x l x C A = Absorbance (no units) ÃŽ µ = Epsilon. The adsorbtion coefficient M -1 cm -1 l= Cuvettes light path length, this is the length of solution a light passes through (always 1 cm) C= Concentration of substance in M (moles in 1 litre) Rearrange to give concentration: C = A / ÃŽ µ x l Units: M-1 x cm-1 = 1 / M x cm C = A / ÃŽ µ x l Gives units: ( 1/ (1/M x cm) x cm). This can be simplified to give 1/ (1/M) And further simplified to give units: M (moles per litre or dcm -3) Know values: ÃŽ µ = the formazan adsorption coefficient is 20,100 M -1 cm -1 A = refers to the absorbance at 490nm values for each fraction are found in the mean-control table section. Using the equation: C = A / ÃŽ µ x l We can work out the concentration of formazan formed in the reaction. The concentration value is for 1 litre, therefore we must calculate the actual concentration from the actual assay volume used. Concentration = amount/volume rearranged to give A = C x V The final assay volume from week 3 is 6 ml* due to the addition of ethyl acetate. * Note by mistake 6ml of ethyl acetate was added instead of 4 ml giving a different final volume to the other groups. Converting 6ml into its litre value and x by the concentration gives the accurate mole product of formazan produced. Reaction time needs to be included to give the accurate units. Activity units can be determined using the following equation. Activity = Moles of formazan/reaction time (12 minutes) This gives the activity in M -1 Calculating total activity and specific activity of the fractions. Table 1: Total volumes from each cellular fraction. Fraction Total Volume (ml) Homogenate 12 Nuclei Fraction 12 Mitochondrial Fraction 12 Supernatant Fraction 26 To do this we need to take into the account: The total volume The total protein of the fraction. Dilution factor The total volume values for each fraction can be found in table 1. The sample of each fraction used was 0.2ml, therefore the amount of moles of formazan calculated is in 0.2ml. (0.2 / total volume) x moles of formazan in 0.2ml X by the dilution factor of each fraction to give the total activity for each fraction, the values are given in table 4. To determine the specific activity we must consider the total protein of the fraction. Values are given in table 3. Specific activity = Total activity of fraction/ total protein of fraction Table 2: Bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution concentrations Volume (ml) BSA (10mg/ml BSA 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.2 1.6 0.1m NaOH 2.0 (blank) 1.8. 1.6 1.4 1.2 0.8 0.4 Table 3: Values for BSA standard curve. See Graph 1 for the results from the corresponding fraction absorbance. Protein Amount (mg) 0 (blank) 2 4 6 8 12 16 Absorbance at 550nm 0 0.105 0.184 0.275 0.354 0.511 0.531 Table 4: Protein amount in homogenate and subcellular fractions. Homogenate 0.05ml Nuclei 0.2ml Mitochondria 0.2ml Supernatant 0.2ml Average Absorbance (550nm) 0.169 0.054 0.174 0.199 Protein amount in samples aliquot (mg) 3.6 1.18 3.8 4.15 Protein concentration in fraction (mg/ml) 72 5.9 19 20.75 Protein amount in fractions total volume (mg) 864 70.8 228 539.5 Graph 2: Shows the difference in protein amount amongst cellular fractions. Table 5: Actual concentration of fraction after dilution. Dilution Factor Actual concentration (mg/ml) Homogenate 20 3.6 Nuclei 3 2 Mitochondrial 20 0.95 Supernatant 1 20.75 Table 6: Formazan content absorbance at 490nm. Fraction Control Test 1 Test 2 Mean-Control Homogenate 0.132 0.58 0.52 0.42 Nuclei 0.21 0.352 0.326 0.13 Mitochondrial 0.057 0.391 0.265 0.27 Supernatant 0.132 0.52 0.33 0.29 Results for Homogenate: From table 5, we have the absorbance of homogenate as 0.42 this divided by the adsorption co-efficient gives: 0.42/20,100 = 2.1 x 10 -5 M The units for concentration are left as moles per litre (M). To get this into moles in the actual volume used (6ml not 1 litre) 2.1 x 10 -5 M x 0.006 lite = 1.3 x 10-7 M Include the reaction time of 12 minutes to give moles per minute. 1.3 x 10-7 M /12mins = 1.010-8 M -1 To determine total activity and specific activity. The total volume from table 1: for the homogenate is 12ml, however the sample used was only 0.2ml we therefore divide actual volume / used volume x concentration of H x dilution factor (20 in the case of the homogenate from table 5 values) Total activity = (12/0.2) x1.0x10-8 M -1 x 20 = 1.2 x 10 -5 M -1 specific activity = 1.2 x 10 -5 M -1/ total amount protein in homogenate from table 4 1.2 x 10 -5 M -1/864= 1.3 x 10-8 M min-1 Results for nuclei fraction: 0.13/20,100 M-1 cm-1 = 6.5 x 10-6 In 0.006 litre : 6.5 x 10-6 x 0.006 = 3.9 x 10-8 M 3.9 x 10-8 M / 12 = 3.2 x 10-9 M min-1 Total activity = 3.2 x 10-9 M min-1 x (12/0.2) x 3 = 5.8 x 10 7M min-1 Specific activity = 5.8 x 10 7/ 70.8 = 8.2 x 10 -9 M min-1 Results for mitochondria: C = 0.27/20,100 m-1 cm -1 = 1.3 x 10-5à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ËœM 1.3 x 10-5à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ËœM x 0.006 = 7.8 x 10-8 M 7.8 x 10-8 M / 12 = 6.5 x 10-9 M min-1 Total activity = 6.5 x 10-9 M min-1 x (12/0.2) x 20 = 7.8 x 10-6 M min-1 Specific activity = 7.8 x 10-6 M min-1/228 = 3.4 x 10-8 M min -1 Results for supernatant: C = 0.29/20,100 m-1 cm -1 = 1.4 x 10-5à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ËœM 1.4 x 10-5à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ËœM x 0.006 = 8.7 x 10-8 M = 8.7 x 10-8 M / 12 = = 7.3 x 10-9 M min-1 Total activity = 7.3 x 10-9 M min-1 x (26/0.2) = 9.4 x 10-7 M min-1 Specific activity = 9.4 x 10-7 M min-1/539.5 = 1.7 x 10-9 M min -1 Percentage recovery of Succinate Dehydrogenase for the fractions This is done by dividing the amount of Succinate dehydrogenase in the individual fractions by the original homogenate and then multiplied by 100 to give a percentage. Table 7: Shows the total activity for each of the fractions. Fraction Total Activity Homogenate 1.2 x 10 -5 M -1 Nuclei 5.8 x 10 7M min-1 Mitochondria 7.8 x 10-6 M min-1 Supernatant 9.4 x 10-7 M min-1 Nuclei fraction: (5.8X10-7/1.210-5 ) x 100 = 4.8% Mitochondria fraction (7.810-6/1.210-5 ) x 100 = 65% Supernatant fraction (9.410-7/1.210-5) x 100 =7.8% Relative Specific Activity of Succinate Dehydrogenase This is found by dividing the specific activity of the fractions (found above) by the specific activity of the homogenate (found above). Table 8 shows the specific activity for each of the fractions: Fraction Specific Activity Homogenate 1.4 x 10-8 M min-1 Nuclei 8.2 x 10 -9 M min-1 Mitochondria 3.4 x 10-8 M min -1 Supernatant 1.7 x 10-9 M min -1 Nuclei fraction 8.2 x 10 -9 M min-1 /1.4 x 10-8 M min-1 = 0.586 Mitochondrial fraction 3.4 x 10 -8 M min-1 /1.4 x 10-8 M min-1 = 2.429 Supernatant fraction 1.7 x 10 -9 M min-1 /1.4 x 10-8 M min-1 = 0.121 Discussion: Note: There was very little protein found in the nuclei fractions total volume, this is abnormally low since we would expect this to be higher. From the results we can determine that the this supports our prediction that The mitochondrial fraction is expected to have the highest results in specific activity due to fewer proteins present in that fraction. Organelles have been isolated from each other as seen with the differing proportions of protein found in each fraction as well as the differing values for specific and total activity calculated. However the homogenate is expected to have the highest total activity due to the higher amount of protein since all fractions are present. However since protein was found in the cytoplasm or supernatant fraction, this indicates that there was an error in the separation of the fractions as SDH is present where it usually isnt found. Succinate dehydrogenase works by transferring 2 electrons from succinate which transfers it to fumerate, which blocks the rest of the reaction when it binds to FAD, from the measurement of formazan gives the value of activity. Results show that the relative specific activity is highest in the mitochondrial fraction, as well as the percentage recovery of the fractions. Therefore demonstrating that the fractions were purified and that the homogenisation and centrifugation has been relatively successful in separating fractions. However there were some inaccuracies from the results, this includes the very low protein amount found with in nuclei fraction, this was however predicted to contain a higher amount of protein due to the nature of the organelle and the enzymes contained within it. Another inaccuracy in this experiment is that SDH was found within the supernatant. This is primarily a marker for mitochondria so would not usually be found within the cytoplasm, however due to mitochondria bursting and releasing its contents into the cytoplasm during the homogenisation stage and centrifugation the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase was present. Since the test was carried out under the same conditions in a neutral pH buffer we can conclude that this was a fair test, however is it often found that the more molecules present in a The separating of the homogenate could be improved by using another method of homogenisation, in this experiment we used a Potter Lethem homogeniser which is a glass and plastic hand homogeniser. This perhaps isnt the most accurate at pressurising cells with the force needed to accurately release cell content. Alternative homogenisers include ultrasonic and rotor based homogenisers which may provide more accurate. (www.proscientific.com) A different centrifugation method used. During this experiment differential centrifugation was used, however density gradients may provide more accurate at purifying a sample (www.coleparmer.co.uk). This method works by placing various layers after layer of gradient media such as sucrose in a tube with the heaviest layer at the bottom and the lightest at the top. The cell fraction to be separated is placed on top of the layer and centrifuged. Density gradient separation can be classified into two categories. Rate-tonal (size) separation. Isopycnic (density) in which organelles separate until their density matches the surroundings of the media in which they are. A very good medium for separating organelles is an iodinised media. (www.coleparmer.co.uk). Accuracy of the absorbance and accuracy of obtaining the protein amount. Results are slightly low indicating inaccuracy in both collecting the samples and also measuring the absorbance, this could be due to error in homogenisation and centrifugation techniques but could also be due to error in the reading of absorbance using the Spectrophotometric assay since U.V wavelength has different absorbance levels if either oxidised or reduced enzymes absorb light therefore giving innacurate indication to enzyme present (www.millipore.com) . This may affect the absorbance levels in the fractions if specific enzymes are affected thus giving an altered absorbance level and therefore undermined protein amount. Another method to measure enzyme assay could be to use a caliometric method which measures heat radiance given off instead of the absorbance levels. Some of the organelles which remain in the supernatant fraction are the smaller and less dense proportions of the cell such as ribosomes and lysosomes. Further centrifugation at a higher speed can be used to separate these smaller less dense organelles into pellets. This can also be used to further purify bacteria. In conclusion we see that as predicted, the specific activity is highest in the mitochondrial fraction and the total activity is highest in the homogenate. The % recovery of each fraction and the relative specific activity for each fraction calculated shows a higher proportion in the mitochondrial fraction also. Overall the results indicate accurate laboratory skills and results conclude what was intended, however some slight changes to laboratory equipment would mean that some of the results such as SDH found in the supernatant may not come about in a future test.

What Is the Future of Social Media

What is the future of social media? In research for this discussion, I came up with a few insights on what I foresee coming up next in the world of social media. †¢ The physical and digital worlds will be more highly connected than ever before – already today we are able to run in the park and track our progress online while sharing it with our friends or track our weight loss, or even our ovulation (well, some of us, that is) with iPhone apps that connect to our Facebook and twitter profiles and enable us to keep track of our progress as well as share the data with our friends. Facebook, Twitter and other major social networks will become increasingly what Fred Wilson coins â€Å"Social Dashboards†. In essence, Facebook and Twitter are social channels on which other companies can grow and develop their own technologies and businesses. Both Facebook and Twitter have created economies far larger than many nations. †¢ Until now, brands have been very concerned w ith bringing as many people as possible to their pages. Consumer brands can now finally reap the fruits and build social commerce stores where Facebook users (all 700 Million of them) can purchase products on their favorite social network without needing to go to any destination site. Facebook will become one of the major channels of future online shopping. †¢ Companies like Google, Facebook and Amazon are currently collecting information about each and every one of us: Our likes and dislikes, our interests and disdains. Soon in an age of Web 3. 0, an age of Semantic Web, we will no longer need to search for information on the Web as information will find us based on all this data which companies are collecting. The right information will be served to the right people at the right time, saving us all a lot of time, effort and energy. †¢ Mobile technology will become more dominant and NFC technology will be developed further enabling it to offer us special promotions, coupons and ips based on our geographical location and the interest graph. †¢ Human Relationships will no longer be as physically dependent and we will befriend and hang out with people from all over the world and all walks of life, all ethnicities and all beliefs, creating a worldwide melting pot. †¢ We will no longer be passive media consumers. Media will interact with us in dynamic ways on all platforms. Just like gamers playing WOW today, we will all become a part of a virtual world unknown to us yet where we will all be avatars in the game of life. †¢ As the Web is overloaded with more information, the content that we are exposed to will become more and more customized to our needs as companies will large sums of money to companies like Facebook and Google, making sure that the information we are exposed to is highly targeted to our interests. Rather than experiencing information overload, we will actually experience the opposite effect. †¢ Companies will understand better how to measure the ROI of social media and realize that social media is not about the number of people brands have in their communities but rather the amount of engagement that they see on their page and the overall online sentiment they faced this month as opposed to the last. †¢ Services will become increasingly crowd sourced. Whether it be the way that we get from point A to point B (Waze), the way that we find answers to our questions (Quora), the manner in which we test our Websites (uTest), the way that we get things done (Fiverr) or the way that we share information (Wikipedia). Source: www. http://thenextweb. com http://blog. hubspot. com/blog/tabid/6307/bid/7850/What-Is-the-Future-of-Social- Media-Marketing-Marketing-Cast. aspx http://www. slideshare. net/derickson/the-future-of-social-media-marketing http://irclay. hubpages. com/hub/The-Future-of-Social-Media-for-Hotel-Marketing-Travel-and-Tourism

Succubus on Top CHAPTER 10

Jerome didn't seem very happy to hear from me the next morning. â€Å"Do you have any idea what time it is, Georgie?† he growled into the phone. â€Å"Why are you whining? You don't even need to sleep.† â€Å"Make this fast.† I told him about my experience at the concert and my inability to ID the mystery immortal. â€Å"He wasn't one of us. Er, I mean, you know†¦not part of our†¦pantheon,† I finished lamely. â€Å"‘Pantheon?' I've never heard it put quite like that – outside of an introductory mythology class, of course.† â€Å"So?† â€Å"So what?† â€Å"So isn't that weird? I've met hundreds of different immortals and never felt one like this. He didn't feel†¦normal. I mean, he did feel like an immortal, but it was just weird.† â€Å"Well, hard as it is to believe, there are still a lot of things out there you haven't experienced – despite your vast age. â€Å" â€Å"Yeah, yeah, I know I'm an infant, all right? But doesn't this worry you at all?† He yawned. â€Å"Not in the least. Something angelic ordemonic would, but some random demigod or satyr? Hardly. They're not part of the game. Well, they're all part of the Game. What I mean is, they're not part of our game. They don't have to get permission to be here. As long as they don't interfere with our business, I don't really care. They do their own thing. We'll just catalog them and move on.† â€Å"Catalog? You've got a record then?† â€Å"Well, I don't, of course. That's one of Grace and Mei's things.† No surprise there. Jerome wasn't really big on†¦well, work. Grace and Mei were subordinate demonesses who did a lot of the dirty jobs he didn't want to. I hardly ever saw them. â€Å"I'll have to page them,† I murmured, mind spinning. â€Å"You know, I suppose it goes without saying that there are a hundred other more useful projects you could be channeling your energy into. Like, say, helping your incubus friend. From what I hear, he's stuck high and dry out in the suburbs. Emphasis on the high.† â€Å"Hey,† I said, defensive of Bastien's honor, â€Å"he's just taking his time. You can't rush quality work. Besides, he learned everything he knows from me. â€Å" â€Å"Somehow that doesn't reassure me.† Jerome disconnected. I hunted down Grace and Mei's number. I waited for the tone, punched in my call-back number, and hung up. A minute later, a Fourth of July worthy shower of sparks appeared in my living room and the two demonesses stood before me. For having chosen two very different bodies, the pair looked remarkably alike. Grace was slim in an all-business, non-nubile sort of way, enhanced by the designer black skirt and jacket she wore. She had pale blond hair cut bluntly at chin length, brown-black eyes, and skin that never saw the sun. The only true color on her was the fire engine red lipstick she wore. Mei dressed exactly the same, down to the red lipstick. Her hair, also chin-length, was a deep blue-black. Despite the softer lines, higher cheekbones, and delicate almond shape of her dark eyes, she radiated no more warmth or friendliness than her counterpart. The two always stuck together, and I assumed they must be friends. Sort of. I had no doubt they'd claw each other's eyes out – or Jerome's, for that matter – if an opportunity for power or promotion was on the line. â€Å"Georgina,† said Mei. â€Å"Long time no see,† said Grace. Both watched me expectantly. Aubrey watched them from the back of my couch, her hair on end and tail poofed out. â€Å"Hey guys,† I replied uneasily. â€Å"Thanks for coming over so fast. Slow day?† They both stared at me. â€Å"Um, so, okay. Jerome said you keep records of immortals who pass in and out of the city. Immortals who are outside of our†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Game?† suggested Grace. â€Å"Pantheon?† suggested Mei. â€Å"Yeah. Sure. So†¦do you?† â€Å"Who are you looking for?† asked Mei. â€Å"What kind of immortal?† asked Grace. â€Å"That's the problem.† I told them everything I knew about him, which mostly included appearance and other encounters when I'd felt that weird sensation. Describing his signature was harder. I couldn't exactly say he felt like an incubus or an angel or a nymph or an oni. I hadn't run across his type before. The demonesses processed this information, glanced at each other, and then shook their heads. â€Å"He doesn't sound familiar,† said Grace. â€Å"But we can double-check the records,† said Mei. â€Å"Thanks,† I told them. â€Å"I'd really appreciate it.† They nodded curtly and turned as if to leave. Mei suddenly glanced back at me. â€Å"You should hang out with us sometime,† she said unexpectedly. â€Å"Cleo's in Capitol Hill has great specials on Ladies Night.† â€Å"There are so few of us girls around here,† added Grace. â€Å"We need to stick together.† They smiled and disappeared. I shivered. Going to a bar with those two sounded only marginally more appealing than stamping with Dana's CPFV friends. Speaking of which, I decided to visit Bastien later that afternoon. I hadn't heard from him in a few days. â€Å"Do you have any idea how much I don't care about your mortal friends?† he snapped when I told him about the whole bizarre situation surrounding Doug, Alec, and the mystery man. â€Å"I have real problems here. I'm dying. I'm getting nowhere with Dana. I keep seeing her, she's nice, and that's it! It's like she only wants – â€Å" â€Å"To be friends?† He stopped pacing around his kitchen and cut me an arch look. â€Å"Women are never just friends with me.† He leaned against the counter and closed his eyes. â€Å"I just can't think what else to do. If I don't act fast, one of our superiors is going to find out how bad things are.† I decided not to mention Jerome's â€Å"high and dry† comment just then. â€Å"Well, jeez, take a break and do something fun. Peter's having another poker game. Come over and play with us. I'm going to bring Seth.† â€Å"I thought you said this was going to be fun.† â€Å"Hey! Who was that a dig at? Peter or Seth?† â€Å"Pick one, Fleur .Although, admittedly, Peter does make a pretty decentsouffle. What can the author do?† â€Å"I wish you'd stop picking on Seth. You don't even know him.† Bastien shrugged. â€Å"Sorry. You just make it so easy.† â€Å"You're jealous.† â€Å"Hardly,† he snorted. â€Å"I've had my share of mortal infatuations, thank you. So have you, if memory serves. And you've also had a number of immortal boyfriends you seemed to have liked reasonably well. None of them ever gave you as much grief as this guy.† â€Å"Seth's different. I can't explain it. Being with him just feels so†¦right. I feel like I've known him forever. â€Å" † Fleur , I've known you forever. You've only known this guy for a couple months.† We had gotten involved pretty quickly, and it did bug me sometimes, but I truly believed in the strength and depth of my feelings for Seth. They were neither superficial nor transient – I hoped. He had once told me there was no one else in the world for him but me. When I'd pointed out that was a bold statement in light of how long we'd known each other, he'd simply said, â€Å"Sometimes you just know.† It was remarkably similar to what my husband, Kyriakos, had told me when we'd first met, back in my long-ago, dust-covered days as a mortal. I'd been fifteen at the time, and my father had sent me down to the docks of our town with a message for Kyriakos, father. Sending me alone was a bit unorthodox, but my father hadn't thought much about it since he was only a short distance away at the market. Nonetheless, I found it a frightening walk. Sweaty, dirty men worked ceaselessly, unloading and loading in the hot sun while the turquoise Mediterranean shimmered beyond them. I got directions from a short, bald man who leered up at me when he finished. â€Å"You're a tall girl,† he observed. â€Å"Bet that might bother some men, but not me. You're just the right height as far as I'm concerned.† He laughed, and some of his companions laughed too. The man's face came up right to the height of my chest. I hurried past them with lowered eyes, honing in on the indicated ship. Relief flooded me when I found Kyriakos checking lines and talking to some of the workers. I'd never spoken to him, but I knew who his father was and knew he was trustworthy. He looked up at my approach and smiled. â€Å"You're Marthanes, daughter, right? Letha?† I nodded. â€Å"I'm supposed to tell your father that the shipment can be ready this evening if he wants it early.† â€Å"I'll let him know. He's not here.† â€Å"All right.† We stood there awkwardly for a moment. I could sense him studying me out of the corner of his eye while pretending to study the workers. He looked like he wanted to say something, but when nothing came, I made motions to go. â€Å"Well, thanks. I should get back.† â€Å"Wait, Letha.† He reached out a hand to stop me from turning, then shyly pulled back before actually touching me. â€Å"You†¦didn't walk here by yourself, did you?† â€Å"My father said it wasn't that far. And that I wasn't in much danger of attracting interest. â€Å" Kyriakos made a harsh sound in his throat. â€Å"Your father's a fool. Let me walk you back.† He hesitated. â€Å"But don't tell your father I called him a fool.† He exchanged a few curt words with one of his men and then set out back to town with me. He was older than me, his face tanned from sun and sea. His hair was black and messy, about chin-length, and he stood almost – but not quite – as tall as I did. â€Å"I saw you at that wedding a few days ago,† he said after a long stretch of silence. â€Å"You were dancing with some other girls. You know†¦you're really good.† The compliment surprised me. â€Å"I think the wine helped.† â€Å"No. The wine helped the other girls – or hindered, maybe. I'm not sure.† He glanced over at me, and I nearly stumbled at the intensity in his dark eyes. â€Å"But you†¦dancing lives inside of you. The music spoke to you, and you understood it.† â€Å"You were playing a flute,† I recalled, trying not to blush at the regard in his voice. â€Å"Yes.† He sounded happy that I remembered. Silence fell again. We were almost to the market; the sounds of people and commerce drifted down to us. Kyriakos clearly wanted us to keep talking. â€Å"So†¦I heard your sister got married last spring.† â€Å"Yes.† â€Å"What about you?† I eyed him. â€Å"I didn't get married last spring.† A smile turned up the edges of his lips. â€Å"What about next spring?† â€Å"Are you offering?† â€Å"Just checking. I heard my father say†¦Ã¢â‚¬  I stopped walking near the edge of the market, so I could look him in the eye again. People and animals moved around us, and across a walkway I could see my father talking to a fruit vendor. â€Å"Look,† I said brusquely, â€Å"I heard my father say it too – how they're thinking about making a marriage between our families. It'd create good trade deals. But if you're trolling for that, you should talk to your father about one of my sisters, not me.† â€Å"What? Don't you want to get married?† His smile faltered. â€Å"Or is someone else lined up for you?† I stared incredulously. â€Å"No, of course not. You just don't want to marry me, that's all.† â€Å"I don't?† â€Å"No. You want one of my sisters.† â€Å"I do?† â€Å"Yes. They're shorter, prettier, nicer – and softer spoken.† â€Å"Can they dance?† I considered. â€Å"No. They're terrible.† His shy smile returned. â€Å"Then I want you.† â€Å"You're crazy. You don't know what you're talking about. You don't know anything about me. † Of course, in those days, most people knew little about their betrothed. What I found remarkable was his conviction that we were compatible. â€Å"It doesn't matter. I can just tell that you're the one. Can't you feel it?† I met his eyes and felt a shiver go through me, like I'd stumbled into something bigger and more powerful than both of us. For just a moment, I allowed myself to consider that this man from a highly respected family might legitimately be interested in me. It was a heady feeling, and not just from the honor involved. It was from the way he looked at me and spoke to me, like I was both worthy and an equal. Something built between us, drawing me to him, and it confused me. â€Å"You don't know anything about me,† I repeated quietly, my mouth feeling dry. His tentative smile grew bolder. â€Å"I know plenty. I know that you dance and that you're smart – too smart, according to my father. And I know that your family is banned from Lais, bakery because you called her daughter a – â€Å" â€Å"That wasn't my fault,† I interjected quickly. Across the way, my father caught sight of us. I held up a hand of greeting, and he impatiently gestured me over. â€Å"My father wants me.† Kyriakos cast an uncertain look over there and hastily turned back. If I was known for a sharp tongue, my father was reputed to be worse, and however love struck and brazen, Kyriakos apparently wasn't quite up to facing him yet. â€Å"I'll have my father talk to yours.† The earlier joking was gone; Kyriakos was all seriousness now. But there was more than just that. His eyes were looking at me in a way I'd never been looked at before. I felt hot, then cold, and then hot again. A tingle played along my flesh. I couldn't take my eyes away from his. â€Å"This isn't about trade deals,† I whispered. â€Å"No. This is about you and me. You're the one.† I stared, uncharacteristically short on words. My shock now came more from that crazy feeling swirling inside of me, not from the preposterous nature of his proposal – one he shouldn't have even brought up without the involvement of our families. Later I'd learn what a leap this whole conversation had been for him. He was not given to long speeches or bold behavior. He said little, as a general rule, more content to express himself through his eyes and his music, and later†¦after we were married, his lovemaking. â€Å"Look,† he said, suddenly growing nervous as he misinterpreted my silence and expression, â€Å"I've saved. We can get a nice house. You won't have to live with so many people anymore. I'll be gone a lot, but you can probably run things and make deals better than me anyway. Not being able to buy bread will be problematic, but we might be able to afford a servant, or you can learn to – â€Å" â€Å"Shut up,† I said. He stared. â€Å"What?† â€Å"Just shut up. You're wasting time. Go tell your father to talk to mine. And,† I added wryly, â€Å"I know how to make bread.† He caught his breath. â€Å"You're sure?† â€Å"About the bread? Yes, I'm sure.† A slow smile bloomed across his face, spreading up into his eyes, making them smolder. I felt my pulse quicken and smiled back. Nothing else needed to be said. My father yelled again, and I ran off to join him. Pondering this memory and what was now happening with Seth, I stared dazedly out the front window and caught sight of Jody checking the mail. â€Å"Hey,† I told Bastien. â€Å"I want to go say hi to her.† I ran outside and waved, making her break out into one of her big, beautiful smiles. To my surprise, she even hugged me. â€Å"Ooh! I'm so glad to see you. How have you been?† We exchanged a few pleasantries, and then she grabbed my arm excitedly. â€Å"Are you busy today? You want to go to the mall?† To my surprise, that actually sounded like fun. More fun than listening to Bastien bitch and moan. â€Å"Sure.† â€Å"Great. I'll go tell Dana.†